Problem Solving Techniques

Problem Solving Techniques

1. To decide which problem to be addressed first (or next)
2. Define the problem in terms of What it is, Where it occurs, When it Happens, and its extent
3. Find out all possible causes of the problems
4. To agree on basic cause(s)bof the problem
5. To develop effective and implementable solution and action plan
6. Implement the solution and establish needed monitoring procedure and chart

            The Seven QC Tools

It is a set of Graphical technique for problem solving related to quality

The seven tools are:

• Cause-and-effect diagram (also known as the "fishbone" or Ishikawa diagram)
• Check sheet.
• Control chart.
• Histogram.
• Pareto chart.
• Scatter diagram.
• Stratification (alternately, flow chart, run chart, Pie Chart, Bar chart), Brainstorming

Selection of QC Tools for Problem Solving Techniques

1 To decide which problem to be addressed first (or next)

• Check Sheet
• Pareto Chart
• Brainstorming

2 Define the problem in terms of What it is, Where it occurs, When it Happens, and its extent

• Histogram
• Run Chart
• Check Sheet
• Pareto Chart
• Pie Chart

3 Find out all possible causes of the problems

• Cause and Effect Diagram
• Brainstorming
• Check Sheet

4 To agree on basic cause(s)bof the problem

• Check Sheet
• Pareto Chart
• Scatter Diagram

5 To develop effective and implementable solution and action plan

• Brainstorming

6 Implement the solution and establish needed monitoring procedure and chart

• Pareto Chart
• Histogram
• Control Chart
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

  Flow Chart

  
  

  Flow chart is used to identify actual or ideal path of the process to identify deviations.

  
  

  
  

  Examples:

  
  

  

  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  

  Check Sheet

  
  

  Check sheet are used to answer the question “ How often are certain events happening ?”
  
  

  Example:

  
  

                                                             Defect Types

  
  

  Defect	May				Total
  	21	22	23	24
  Wrong Printing on Product	llll l	llll	llll lll	llll ll	26
  High OD	l	lll	lll	ll	9
  low OD	llll	l	l	l	8
  High wall thickness	ll	lll	l	l	7
  Low wall thickness	llll llll llll	llll llll	llll llll ll	llll llll llll	52
  Total	29	22	25	26	102

  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  

  Pareto Chart

  
  

      * When you need to display relative importance of all problems , to choose 

  starting point for problem solving, to monitor, to identify main cause of a problem

  
  

  * To identify most important problems through the use of different 

  measurement scale e.g. frequency, cost etc.

  
  

  
  

  Example :

  
  

  

  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  

  
  
   

                  Cause and Effect Diagram

When you need to explore all possible causes of a Problem

The major causes might be summarized under four categories referred to as 4M’s : Manpower, Machines, Methods and materials

Examples :

 

                                                     Run Chart

When you need to display of trends within observation points over a specified time

Examples :

 

                        Histogram

A histogram shows the distribution of the data, central tendency, variability, and shape.

A histogram has generally bell shaped curve

Examples :